oday's lesson is vocabulary and grammar explanation. After giving basic level vocabulary and advanced level vocabulary, I will give you a brief grammar explanation.
Contents
Standard Level Vocabulary 0:51~
Click on a word to open the dictionary.
| vocabulary | hiragana | pronunciation | meaning | POS |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 小さい | ちいさい | chiisai | small, little | i-adjective |
| とき | とき | toki | time, when | noun |
| 何で | なんで | nande | why, how come | expression |
| ちょっと | ちょっと | chotto | a little, slightly | adverb |
| あなた | あなた | anata | you | pronoun |
| 合う | あう | au | to match, to suit | 1 verb |
| かも | かも | kamo | might, maybe (short for かもしれない) | auxiliary |
| いい | いい | ii | good | i-adjective |
| 今 | いま | ima | now | noun/adverb |
| 全部 | ぜんぶ | zenbu | all, everything | noun/adverb |
| 思い出す | おもいだす | omoidasu | to recall, to remember | 1 verb |
| 帰る | かえる | kaeru | to return, to go home | 1 verb |
| 待つ | まつ | matsu | to wait | 1 verb |
| どうして | どうして | doushite | why, for what reason | adverb |
| 見つける | みつける | mitsukeru | to find | 2 verb |
| 気 | き | ki | spirit, mood, feeling | noun |
| また | また | mata | again | adverb |
| 終わる | おわる | owaru | to end, to finish | 1 verb |
dvanced Level Vocabulary 0:51~
Click on a word to open the dictionary.
| vocabulary | hiragana | pronunciation | meaning | POS |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| わくわく | わくわく | wakuwaku | excitedly, to be excited | adverb/onomatopoeia |
| きっと | きっと | kitto | surely, definitely | adverb |
| やっと | やっと | yatto | finally, at last | adverb |
| もうすぐ | もうすぐ | mousugu | soon | adverb |
| どうしても | どうしても | doushitemo | by all means, no matter what | adverb |
| 記憶 | きおく | kioku | memory | noun |
| 巻き込み | まきこみ | makikomi | involvement | noun (from verb 巻き込む) |
| なのに | なのに | nanoni | and yet, even though | conjunction |
| 近づく | ちかづく | chikazuku | to approach, to get close | 1 verb |
| 夏休み | なつやすみ | natsuyasumi | summer vacation | noun |
| 過ごす | すごす | sugosu | to spend (time) | 1 verb |
Grammar Explanation 0:51~
Study the important grammar in the video!
1. あなた: You
「あなた」 means you. It is a second-person pronoun, but in Japanese, people often avoid using it directly. Instead, they might use the person’s name or title (like “sensei” or “Tanaka-san”
Example:
あなたは学生ですか？
Are you a student?
Note: While grammatically correct, using 「あなた」 can sometimes sound distant or too direct, especially in close relationships. Use it carefully.
2. かも: Maybe / might be
「かも」 is a casual and shortened form of 「かもしれない」, which means might or may. It expresses uncertainty.
Structure:
Noun/Verb/Adjective + かも（しれない）
Examples:
明日は雨かも。
It might rain tomorrow.
彼は学生かも。
He might be a student.
Note:「かも」 is informal. In polite speech, use 「かもしれません」.
3. 「いい」 Conjugation: Good — adjective form
「いい」 is an irregular い-adjective, meaning good. Its past and negative forms are not based on 「いい」 but on its older form 「よい
Conjugation:
- Present: いい (good)
- Negative: よくない (not good)
- Past: よかった (was good)
- Past negative: よくなかった (was not good)
Examples:
この本はいいね。
This book is good.
その映画はよくなかった。
That movie wasn’t good.
Note: Even though people say 「いい」, they use 「よ」 in the negative and past forms.
4. ならない / いけない: Must not / Have to
Both 「～てはならない」 and 「～てはいけない」 mean must not do something. They show prohibition.
On the other hand, 「～なければならない」 or 「～なければいけない」 means must do something.
Prohibition:
- Verb (て-form) + はいけない / はならない
ここでタバコを吸ってはいけません。
You must not smoke here.
Obligation:
- Verb (ない-form) + ければならない / ければいけない
明日、学校へ行かなければならない。
I must go to school tomorrow.
Note:「ならない」 is slightly more formal than 「いけない」.
- In casual speech, people often say 「なきゃ」 or 「なくちゃ」 instead.